Öz
Giriş:
Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ), Amerikan Pediatri Akademisi (AAP) ve Birleşmiş Milletler Çocuklara Yardım Fonu (UNICEF) yaşamın ilk 6 ayında sadece anne sütü ile beslenmeyi tavsiye ederken; AAP, 1 yaş sonrasına WHO ise 2 yaş sonrasına kadar emzirmeye devam edilmesini önermektedir. DSÖ ve UNICEF, tüm dünyada emzirme oranlarını artırmak için Bebek Dostu Hastane Girişimi adlı küresel bir program geliştirdi, bu programın 6. adımı, yeni doğanlara tıbbi olarak gerekli olmadıkça anne sütü dışında yiyecek verilmemesini sağlamaktır. Bu çalışma ile, bebek dostu bir hastanede doğum sonrası hastane izlemi sırasında ve taburculuk sonrasında formül süt destek oranını, nedenlerini ve katkıda bulunan risk faktörlerini belirlemeyi amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem:
Çalışma, Ocak 2020 ile Ocak 2021 tarihleri arasında bebek dostu sertifikalı özel bir üniversite hastanesinde dünyaya gelen ve anne yanında izlenen sağlıklı bebeklerin ve annelerin kayıtlı verileri toplanarak yapılmış retrospektif bir çalışmadır.
Bulgular:
Hastanede kalış süresi boyunca formül süt ile desteklenme oranı %13,78 (n=128) idi. Sezeryan yolu ile doğanlarda formül süt destek gereksinimi anlamlı daha yüksekti. Lojistik regresyon analizi sonucunda formül süt destek gereksinimi için en sık neden olarak anne sütü yetersizliği belirlenirken, yardımcı üreme tekniği ile gebelik, çoğul gebelik, 2500 gramın altında doğum ağırlığı, gebelik yaşı 37 haftadan küçük olmak, maternal obstetrik hastalık öyküsü, gestasyonel diabetes mellitus ve annede sigara kullanımı diğer etkili faktörler olarak belirlendi.
Sonuç:
Doğumdan sonra sağlık profesyonelleri tarafından anneye yeterli destek verilirse, hastanenin yazılı emzirme politikasına uyulursa, tıbbi endikasyonlar dışında formül süt desteği verilmezse ve taburcu olduktan sonra da emzirme danışmanlığına devam edilirse olası risk faktörlerinin olumsuz etkileri önemli ölçüde azaltılabilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Anne sütü, sadece anne sütü ile besleme, formül süt takviyesi, yenidoğan
Kaynakça
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