Öz
Giriş:
B12 vitamini eksikliği ciddi sonuçlar doğurabilir. Yüksek B12 vitamini seviyeleri bazı hastalıkların takip sürecinde yol gösterici olabilir. Polikliniğimize başvuran kronik hastalığı olmayan çocuklarda vitamin B12 düzeyinin (retrospektif taranarak) belirlenmesi amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntem:
Genel çocuk polikliniğine başvuran tüm hastaların dosyası retrospektif tarandı sadece halsizlik, iştahsızlık şikayeti ile başvuran kronik hastalığı olmayan, sağlıklı çocuk muayenesi tanılı hastalar çalışmaya alındı.
Bulgular:
Çalışmaya üç bin yüz altmış üç çocuk dahil edildi. Çocukların %5,5’inde B12 vitamini eksikliği, %23,6’sınde B12 vitamini yetersizliği (sınırda eksikliği) ve %2,1’inde yüksek B12 vitamini düzeyi mevcuttu. Hem kız hem de erkek çocuklarda vitamin B12 düzeyinin en düşük olduğu yaş aralığı 14-18 yaş olarak bulundu (p<0,001). Vitamin B12 eksikliği ve borderline eksikliği en çok Ağustos ve Temmuz aylarında görüldü (p<0,001).
Sonuç:
B12 vitamini eksikliği ve borderline eksikliği hastaların yaklaşık üçte birinde, en sık 1-3 yaş grubunda ve adölesan yaş grubunda yaz mevsiminde gözlendi.
Anahtar Kelimeler: B12 vitamini, çocukluk çağı, yaş, mevsim
Kaynakça
Pektaş E. Vitamin B complex. In: Yurdakök M, (eds). Yurdakök Pediatrics. Ankara: Sun Medicine Bookstore; 2017. p.1523-32.
Adhaulia A, Maurya M, Tiwari A. Developmental delay in children with severe acute malnutrition and its association with Vitamin B12 deficiency. IJCH 2019;6:548-51.
Calik M, Aktas MS, Cecen E, Piskin IE, Ayaydın H, Ornek Z, et al. The association between serum vitamin B12 deficiency and tension-type headache in Turkish children. Neurol Sci 2018;39:1009-14.
Rifai N, Horvath AR, Carl T, (eds). Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics. 6th edition. Elsevier; 2018. p.929-34.
Honzik T, Adamovicova M, Smolka V, Magner M, Hruba E, Zeman J. Clinical presentation and metabolic consequences in 40 breastfed infants with nutritional vitamin B12 deficiency--what have we learned? Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2010;14:488-95.
Silva LL, Fawzi WW, Cardoso MA; ENFAC Working Group. Serum folate and vitamin B12 status in young Brazilian children. Public Health Nutr 2019;22:1223-31.
Kor D, Bulut D, Yilmaz B, Kilavuz S, Mungan HN. Vitamin B12 levels in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis. Cukurova Med J 2020;45:401-7.
Tancer-Elci H, Isik-Balci Y, Bor-Kucukatay M, Kilic-Toprak E, Kilic-Erkek O, Senol H, et al. Investigation of hemorheological parameters at the diagnosis and the follow-up of nutritional vitamin B12 deficient children. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2015;60:273-82.
Baytan B, Özdemir Ö, Erdemir G, Güneş AM. Vitamin B12 Defıiıincy: The Clinical Features And Treatment During Childhood. Journal of Uludağ University Medical Faculty 2007;33:61-4.
Evim MS, Tüten R, Baytan B, Yakarisik S, Günes AM. Elevated Vitamin B12 Levels. J Curr Pediatr 2014;12:160-4.
Allen LH, Miller JW, de Groot L, Rosenberg IH, Smith AD, Refsum H, et al. Biomarkers of Nutrition for Development (BOND): Vitamin B-12 Review. J Nutr 2018;148:1995S-2027S.
Koç A, Yurdakök M. Megaloblastic anemias. In: Yurdakök M, (eds). Yurdakök Pediatrics. 1st edition. Ankara: Sun Medical Bookstore; 2017. p.3299-308.
Yetim A, Aygün E, Yetim Ç, Ucar A, Karakaş Z, Gökçay G, et al. Measurement of serum vitamin B12-related metabolites in newborns: implications for new cutoff values to detect B12 deficiency. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021;34:1260-8.
Dağ H, Koç MÖ, Dikker O, Dursun H. Vitamin B12 Serum Levels of Six to Nine-month-old Infants According to Feeding Practices. J Pediatr Res 2020;7:1-6.
Finkelstein JL, Kurpad AV, Thomas T, Srinivasan K, Duggan C. Vitamin B12 status in pregnant women and their infants in South India. Eur J Clin Nutr 2017;71:1046-53.
Azad C, Jat KR, Kaur J, Guglani V, Palta A, Tiwari A, et al. Vitamin B12 status and neurodevelopmental delay in Indian infants: a hospital-based cross-sectional study. Paediatr Int Child Health 2020;40:78-84.
Kaur H, Bhatia AS. High Prevalence of Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Preschool Children. IJRR 2019;6:57-60.
Ng’eno BN, Perrine CG, Whitehead RD, Subedi GR, Mebrahtu S, Dahal P, et al. High Prevalence of Vitamin B12 Deficiency and No Folate Deficiency in Young Children in Nepal. Nutrients 2017;9:72.
Chandyo RK, Ulak M, Kvestad I, Hysing M, Shrestha M, Ranjitkar S, et al. Cobalamin and Folate Status among Breastfed Infants in Bhaktapur, Nepal. Nutrients 2018;10:639.
García-Casal MN, Osorio C, Landaeta M, Leets I, Matus P, Fazzino F, et al. High prevalence of folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiencies in infants, children, adolescents and pregnant women in Venezuela. Eur J Clin Nutr 2005;59:1064-70.
Çağ Y, Özdemir AA, Alay M. Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Refugee Children. Bozok Med J 2020;10:196-201.
Herrán OF, Ward JB, Villamor E. Vitamin B12 serostatus in Colombian children and adult women: results from a nationally representative survey. Public Health Nutr 2015;18:836-43.
Cobayashi F, Tomita LY, Augusto RA, D’Almeida V, Cardoso MA; ACTION Study Team. Genetic and environmental factors associated with vitamin B12 status in Amazonian children. Public Health Nutr 2015;18:2202-10.
Cetinkaya F, Yildirmak Y, Kutluk G, Erdem E. Nutritional vitamin B12 deficiency in hospitalized young children. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2007;24:15-21.
Özmert EN. Approach to common nutrition and eating problems. In: Yurdakök M, (eds). Yurdakök Pediatrics. Ankara: Sun Medicine Bookstore; 2017. p.140-4.
Wong AY, Chan EW, Chui CS, Sutcliffe AG, Wong IC. The phenomenon of micronutrient deficiency among children in China: a systematic review of the literature. Public Health Nutr 2014;17:2605-18.
Gupta A, Kapil U, Ramakrishnan L, Pandey RM, Yadav CP. Prevalence of Vitamin B12 and Folate Deficiency in School Children Residing at High Altitude Regions in India. Indian J Pediatr 2017;84:289-93.
Bird JK, Murphy RA, Ciappio ED, McBurney MI. Risk of Deficiency in Multiple Concurrent Micronutrients in Children and Adults in the United States. Nutrients 2017;9:655.
Koç A, Koçyiğit A, Ulukanlıgil M, Demir N. The relationship between the frequency of vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency and intestinal worms in children aged 9-12 in Şanlıurfa region. J Child Health and Diseases 2005;48:308-15.
Yetim Şahin A, Tıkız C, Baş F. Prevelance of vitamin D and B12 deficiency in adolescence. Journal of Child 2017;17:24-9.
Margalit I, Cohen E, Goldberg E, Krause I. Vitamin B12 Deficiency and the Role of Gender: A Cross-Sectional Study of a Large Cohort. Ann Nutr Metab 2018;72:265-71.
Hao L, Ma J, Zhu J, Stampfer MJ, Tian Y, Willett WC, et al. Vitamin B-12 deficiency is prevalent in 35-to 64-year-old Chinese adults. J Nutr 2007;137:1278-85.
Brah S, Chiche L, Mancini J, Meunier B, Arlet JB. Characteristics of patients admitted to internal medicine departments with high serum cobalamin levels: results from a prospective cohort study. Eur J Intern Med 2014;25:57-8.
