ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION:

In this study, it was aimed to determine the frequency of autoimmune thyroid disease (OITH) in children and adolescent patients who were followed-up with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM) and to evaluate its relationship with other parameters.

MATERIALS and METHODS:

The files of 722 patients who have been followed up with the diagnosis of T1DM for the last 10 years were reviewed retrospectively. Age, gender, mean HbA1c, thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH), free thyroxine(fT4), anti-thyroid peroxidase(anti-TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin(anti-Tg) level, weight standard deviation score(SDS), height SDS and body mass index(BMI) SDS values were recorded.

RESULTS:

Of the 722 patients, 607 had thyroid autoantibodies examined at least once and 72(11.9%) had anti-TPO and/or anti-TG positivity. Of these patients, 57(79.2%) had euthyroid, 7(9.7%) had obvious hypothyroidism, 5(6.9%) had subclinical hypothyroidism and 3(4.2%) had hyperthyroidism. While 48(66.7%) of the patients with Hashimato thyroiditis(HT) were pubertal, 24(33.3%) were prepubertal. Fifty (69.4%) of the OITH cases were female and 22(30.6%) were male. In addition, 12(16.6%) of 72 patients with OITH had celiac disease (CD). According to the chi-square analysis, OITH was more common in girls(p: 0.01) and those with CD(p: 0.02). As the age and duration of diabetes prolonged, the prevalence of OITH increased.

CONCLUSIONS:

As a result; In patients with T1DM the frequency of HT increases with increasing age and duration of diabetes. Hashimato thyroiditis is more common in female gender and pubertal period. The presence of celiac increases the risk of HT in patients with T1DM. In order to prevent the negative effects of thyroid dysfunction on metabolic control, growth and development, thyroid function tests and autoantibodies should be checked periodically.